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Compare Slovakia (2001) - Cape Verde (2001)

Compare Slovakia (2001) z Cape Verde (2001)

 Slovakia (2001)Cape Verde (2001)
 SlovakiaCape Verde
Administrative divisions 8 regions (kraje, singular - kraj); Banskobystricky, Bratislavsky, Kosicky, Nitriansky, Presovsky, Trenciansky, Trnavsky, Zilinsky 14 districts (concelhos, singular - concelho); Boa Vista, Brava, Fogo, Maio, Paul, Praia, Porto Novo, Ribeira Grande, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, Sao Nicolau, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal; note - there may be a new administrative structure of 16 districts (Boa Vista, Brava, Maio, Mosteiros, Paul, Praia, Porto Novo, Ribeira Grande, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, Sao Domingos, Sao Nicolau, Sao Filipe, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal)
Age structure 0-14 years:
18.86% (male 522,563; female 498,832)

15-64 years:
69.6% (male 1,872,496; female 1,896,249)

65 years and over:
11.54% (male 236,996; female 387,801) (2001 est.)
0-14 years:
42.79% (male 87,458; female 85,895)

15-64 years:
50.76% (male 97,812; female 107,834)

65 years and over:
6.45% (male 10,204; female 15,960) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products grains, potatoes, sugar beets, hops, fruit; pigs, cattle, poultry; forest products bananas, corn, beans, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, coffee, peanuts; fish
Airports 35 (2000 est.) 8 (2000)
Airports - with paved runways total:
18

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
3

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
8 (2000 est.)
total:
8

over 3,047 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
7 (2000)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
17

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
9

under 914 m:
7 (2000 est.)
-
Area total:
48,845 sq km

land:
48,800 sq km

water:
45 sq km
total:
4,033 sq km

land:
4,033 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative about twice the size of New Hampshire slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background In 1918 the Slovaks joined the closely related Czechs to form Czechoslovakia. Following the chaos of World War II, Czechoslovakia became a communist nation within Soviet-ruled Eastern Europe. Soviet influence collapsed in 1989 and Czechoslovakia once more became free. The Slovaks and the Czechs agreed to separate peacefully on 1 January 1993. Historic, political, and geographic factors have caused Slovakia to experience more difficulty in developing a modern market economy than some of its Central European neighbors. The uninhabited islands were discovered and colonized by the Portuguese in the 15th century; they subsequently became a trading center for African slaves. Most Cape Verdeans descend from both groups. Independence was achieved in 1975.
Birth rate 10.05 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 28.71 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues:
$5.2 billion

expenditures:
$5.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999)
revenues:
$188 million

expenditures:
$228 million, including capital expenditures of $116 million (1996)
Capital Bratislava Praia
Climate temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and very erratic
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 965 km
Constitution ratified 1 September 1992, fully effective 1 January 1993; changed in September 1998 to allow direct election of the president; amended February 2001 to allow Slovakia to apply for NATO and EU membership new constitution came into force 25 September 1992; underwent a major revision on 23 November 1995, substantially increasing the powers of the president
Country name conventional long form:
Slovak Republic

conventional short form:
Slovakia

local long form:
Slovenska Republika

local short form:
Slovensko
conventional long form:
Republic of Cape Verde

conventional short form:
Cape Verde

local long form:
Republica de Cabo Verde

local short form:
Cabo Verde
Currency Slovak koruna (SKK) Cape Verdean escudo (CVE)
Death rate 9.25 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 7.19 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $10.3 billion (2000 est.) $260 million (2000)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Carl SPIELVOGEL

embassy:
Hviezdoslavovo Namestie 4, 81102 Bratislava

mailing address:
use embassy street address

telephone:
[421] (7) 5443-3338

FAX:
[421] (7) 5443-0096
chief of mission:
Ambassador Michael D. METELITS

embassy:
Rua Abilio Macedo 81, Praia

mailing address:
C. P. 201, Praia

telephone:
[238] 61 56 16

FAX:
[238] 61 13 55
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Martin BUTORA

chancery:
Suite 250, 2201 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007; note - new chancery opening in June 2001 at International Court NW, Washington, DC

telephone:
[1] (202) 965-5161

FAX:
[1] (202) 965-5166
chief of mission:
Ambassador Ferdinand Amilcar Spencer LOPES

chancery:
3415 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007

telephone:
[1] (202) 965-6820

FAX:
[1] (202) 965-1207

consulate(s) general:
Boston
Disputes - international Gabcikovo/Nagymaros Dam dispute with Hungary is before the ICJ none
Economic aid - recipient $421.9 million (1995) $111.3 million (1995)
Economy - overview Slovakia continues the difficult transition from a centrally planned economy to a modern market economy. The economic slowdown in 1999 stemmed from large budget and current account deficits, fast-growing external debt, and persistent corruption. Even though GDP growth reached only 2.2% in 2000, the year was marked by positive developments such as foreign direct investment of $1.5 billion, strong export performance, restructuring and privatization in the banking sector, entry into the OECD, and initial efforts to stem corruption. Strong challenges face the government in 2001, especially the maintenance of fiscal balance, the further privatization of the economy, and the reduction of unemployment. Cape Verde's low per capita GDP reflects a poor natural resource base, including serious water shortages exacerbated by cycles of long-term drought. The economy is service-oriented, with commerce, transport, and public services accounting for almost 70% of GDP. Although nearly 70% of the population lives in rural areas, the share of agriculture in GDP in 1998 was only 13%, of which fishing accounts for 1.5%. About 90% of food must be imported. The fishing potential, mostly lobster and tuna, is not fully exploited. Cape Verde annually runs a high trade deficit, financed by foreign aid and remittances from emigrants; remittances constitute a supplement to GDP of more than 20%. Economic reforms, launched by the new democratic government in 1991, are aimed at developing the private sector and attracting foreign investment to diversify the economy. Prospects for 2001 depend heavily on the maintenance of aid flows, remittances, and the momentum of the government's development program.
Electricity - consumption 21.471 billion kWh (1999) 37.2 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 930 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 1.4 billion kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 22.582 billion kWh (1999) 40 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
37.56%

hydro:
18.27%

nuclear:
44.17%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Bodrok River 94 m

highest point:
Gerlachovsky Stit 2,655 m
lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mt. Fogo 2,829 m (a volcano on Fogo Island)
Environment - current issues air pollution from metallurgical plants presents human health risks; acid rain damaging forests overgrazing of livestock and improper land use such as the cultivation of crops on steep slopes has led to soil erosion; demand for wood used as fuel has resulted in deforestation; desertification; environmental damage has threatened several species of birds and reptiles; overfishing
Environment - international agreements party to:
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Slovak 85.7%, Hungarian 10.6%, Roma 1.6% (the 1992 census figures underreport the Gypsy/Romany community, which is about 500,000), Czech, Moravian, Silesian 1.1%, Ruthenian and Ukrainian 0.6%, German 0.1%, Polish 0.1%, other 0.2% (1996) Creole (mulatto) 71%, African 28%, European 1%
Exchange rates koruny per US dollar - 48.09 (March 2001), 46.395 (2000), 41.363 (1999), 35.233 (1998), 33.616 (1997), 30.654 (1996) Cape Verdean escudos per US dollar - 123.080 (December 2000), 115.877 (2000), 102.700 (1999), 98.158 (1998), 93.177 (1997), 82.591 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Rudolf SCHUSTER (since 15 June 1999)

head of government:
Prime Minister Mikulas DZURINDA (since 30 October 1998)

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister

elections:
president elected by direct popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 29 May 1999 (next to be held NA May/June 2004); following National Council elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the president

election results:
Rudolf SCHUSTER elected president in the first direct, popular election; percent of vote - Rudolf SCHUSTER 57%

note:
government coalition - SDK, SDL, SMK, SOP, KDH
chief of state:
President Pedro PIRES (since 22 March 2001)

head of government:
Prime Minister Jose Maria Pereira NEVES (since 1 February 1991)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister from among the members of the National Assembly

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 11 and 25 February 2001 (next to be held NA February 2006); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly and appointed by the president

election results:
Pedro PIRES elected president; percent of vote - Pedro PIRES (PAICV) 49.43%, Carlos VIEGA (MPD) 49.42%; note: the election was won by only twelve votes
Exports $12 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $40 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities machinery and transport equipment 39.4%, intermediate manufactured goods 27.5%, miscellaneous manufactured goods 13%, chemicals 8% (1999) fuel, shoes, garments, fish, bananas, hides
Exports - partners EU 59.7% (Germany 27.8%, Austria 8%, Italy 8.9%), Czech Republic 18.1% (1999) Portugal, UK, Germany, Spain, France, Malaysia
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red superimposed with the Slovak cross in a shield centered on the hoist side; the cross is white centered on a background of red and blue three horizontal bands of light blue (top, double width), white (with a horizontal red stripe in the middle third), and light blue; a circle of 10 yellow five-pointed stars is centered on the hoist end of the red stripe and extends into the upper and lower blue bands
GDP purchasing power parity - $55.3 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $670 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
4.5%

industry:
29.3%

services:
66.2% (1999 est.)
agriculture:
13%

industry:
19%

services:
68% (1998)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $10,200 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $1,700 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 2.2% (2000 est.) 6% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 48 40 N, 19 30 E 16 00 N, 24 00 W
Geography - note landlocked strategic location 500 km from west coast of Africa near major north-south sea routes; important communications station; important sea and air refueling site
Highways total:
17,710 km

paved:
17,533 km (including 288 km of expressways)

unpaved:
177 km (1998 est.)
total:
1,100 km

paved:
858 km

unpaved:
242 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
5.1%

highest 10%:
18.2% (1992)
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe used as a transshipment point for illicit drugs moving from Latin America and Africa destined for Western Europe
Imports $12.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $250 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment 37.7%, intermediate manufactured goods 18%, fuels 13%, chemicals 11%, miscellaneous manufactured goods 9.5% (1999) foodstuffs, industrial products, transport equipment, fuels
Imports - partners EU 51.4% (Germany 26%, Italy 7.1%), Czech Republic 16.6%, Russia 11.9% (1999) Portugal, Netherlands, France, UK, Spain, US
Independence 1 January 1993 (Czechoslovakia split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia) 5 July 1975 (from Portugal)
Industrial production growth rate 9.3% (2000 est.) NA%
Industries metal and metal products; food and beverages; electricity, gas, coke, oil, nuclear fuel; chemicals and manmade fibers; machinery; paper and printing; earthenware and ceramics; transport vehicles; textiles; electrical and optical apparatus; rubber products food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments, salt mining, ship repair
Infant mortality rate 8.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 53.22 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 12.2% (2000 est.) 4% (2000)
International organization participation Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CCC, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NSG, OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNTSO, UPU, WCL, WEU (associate partner), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNTAET, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 6 (2000) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 800 sq km (1993 est.) 1,500 to 2,000 hectares (1999)
Judicial branch Supreme Court (judges are elected by the National Council); Constitutional Court (judges appointed by president from group of nominees approved by the National Council) Supreme Tribunal of Justice or Supremo Tribunal de Justia
Labor force 3 million (1999) NA
Labor force - by occupation industry 29.3%, agriculture 8.9%, construction 8%, transport and communication 8.2%, services 45.6% (1994) -
Land boundaries total:
1,355 km

border countries:
Austria 91 km, Czech Republic 215 km, Hungary 515 km, Poland 444 km, Ukraine 90 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
31%

permanent crops:
3%

permanent pastures:
17%

forests and woodland:
41%

other:
8% (1993 est.)
arable land:
11%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
6%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
83% (1993 est.)
Languages Slovak (official), Hungarian Portuguese, Crioulo (a blend of Portuguese and West African words)
Legal system civil law system based on Austro-Hungarian codes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; legal code modified to comply with the obligations of Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and to expunge Marxist-Leninist legal theory derived from the legal system of Portugal
Legislative branch unicameral National Council of the Slovak Republic or Narodna Rada Slovenskej Republiky (150 seats; members are elected on the basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 25-26 September 1998 (next to be held NA September 2002)

election results:
percent of vote by party - HZDS 27%, SDK 26.3%, SDL 14.7%, SMK 9.1%, SNS 9.1%, SOP 8%; seats by party - governing coalition 93 (SDK 42, SDL 23, SMK 15, SOP 13), opposition 57 (HZDS 43, SNS 14)
unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (72 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 14 January 2001 (next to be held NA December 2005)

election results:
percent of vote by party - PAICV 47.3%, MPD 39.8%, ADM 6%, other 6.9%; seats by party - PAICV 40, MPD 30, ADM 2
Life expectancy at birth total population:
73.97 years

male:
69.95 years

female:
78.2 years (2001 est.)
total population:
69.21 years

male:
65.93 years

female:
72.6 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition:
NA

total population:
NA%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
71.6%

male:
81.4%

female:
63.8% (1995 est.)
Location Central Europe, south of Poland Western Africa, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Senegal
Map references Europe World
Maritime claims none (landlocked) measured from claimed archipelagic baselines

contiguous zone:
24 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total:
3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 15,041 GRT/19,517 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 3 (2000 est.)
total:
5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 9,523 GRT/11,798 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 4, chemical tanker 1 (2000 est.)
Military branches Ground Forces, Air and Air Defense Forces, Territorial Defense Forces, Civil Defense Force Army, Coast Guard/Marines
Military expenditures - dollar figure $380 million (FY00) $4 million (FY96)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.71% (FY00) 1.8% (FY96)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
1,487,093 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
89,543 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
1,136,811 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
50,615 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
45,502 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Constitution Day, 1 September (1992) Independence Day, 5 July (1975)
Nationality noun:
Slovak(s)

adjective:
Slovak
noun:
Cape Verdean(s)

adjective:
Cape Verdean
Natural hazards NA prolonged droughts; harmattan wind can obscure visibility; volcanically and seismically active
Natural resources brown coal and lignite; small amounts of iron ore, copper and manganese ore; salt; arable land salt, basalt rock, pozzuolana (a siliceous volcanic ash used to produce hydraulic cement), limestone, kaolin, fish
Net migration rate 0.53 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -12.37 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines petroleum products NA km; natural gas 2,700 km -
Political parties and leaders Christian Democratic Movement or KDH [Pavol HRUSOVSKY]; Liberal Democratic Union or LDU [Jan BUDAJ]; Movement for a Democratic Slovakia or HZDS [Vladimir MECIAR]; Party of Civic Understanding or SOP [Pavol HAMZIK]; Party of the Democratic Left or SDL [Jozef MIGAS]; Party of the Hungarian Coalition or SMK [Bela BUGAR]; Slovak Democratic and Christian Union or SDKU [Mikulas DZURINDA]; note - this is DZURINDA's new party for 2002 elections; he remains chairman of a rump and splintering SDK; Slovak Democratic Coalition or SDK (loose parliamentary club grouping representing members of the smaller SSDS, SZS, and those committed to run under SDKU in 2002) [Mikulas DZURINDA]; Slovak National Party or SNS [Anna MALIKOVA] African Party for Independence of Cape Verde or PAICV [Jose Maria NEVES, chairman]; Democratic Alliance for Change or ADM [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO] (a coalition of PCD, PTS, and UCID); Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Jacinto SANTOS, president]; Movement for Democracy or MPD [Antonio Gualberto do ROSARIO, president]; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO, president]; Party of Work and Solidarity or PTS [Dr. Oresimo SILVEIRA, president]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Joao ALEM, president]; Union for an Independent Democratic Cape Verde or UCID [Antonio MONTEIRO, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders Association of Employers of Slovakia; Association of Towns and Villages or ZMOS; Confederation of Trade Unions or KOZ; Metal Workers Unions or KOVO and METALURG NA
Population 5,414,937 (July 2001 est.) 405,163 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 0.13% (2001 est.) 0.92% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Bratislava, Komarno Mindelo, Praia, Tarrafal
Radio broadcast stations AM 15, FM 78, shortwave 2 (1998) AM 0, FM 11 (and 14 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 3.12 million (1997) 73,000 (1997)
Railways total:
3,660 km

broad gauge:
102 km 1.520-m gauge

standard gauge:
3,507 km 1.435-m gauge (1,505 km electrified; 1,011 km double track)

narrow gauge:
51 km (46 km 1,000-m gauge; 5 km 0.750-m gauge) (1998)
0 km
Religions Roman Catholic 60.3%, atheist 9.7%, Protestant 8.4%, Orthodox 4.1%, other 17.5% Roman Catholic (infused with indigenous beliefs); Protestant (mostly Church of the Nazarene)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.99 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.61 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.91 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.64 male(s)/female

total population:
0.93 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
a modernization and privatization program is increasing accessibility to telephone service, reducing the waiting time for new subscribers, and generally improving service quality

domestic:
predominantly an analog system that is now receiving digital equipment and is being enlarged with fiber-optic cable, especially in the larger cities; mobile cellular capability has been added

international:
three international exchanges (one in Bratislava and two in Banska Bystrica) are available; Slovakia is participating in several international telecommunications projects that will increase the availability of external services
general assessment:
effective system, being improved

domestic:
interisland microwave radio relay system with both analog and digital exchanges; work is in progress on a submarine fiber-optic cable system which was scheduled for completion in 1998

international:
2 coaxial submarine cables; HF radiotelephone to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 1,934,558 (1998) 45,644 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular 736,662 (April 1999) 19,729 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 38 (plus 864 repeaters) (1995) 1 (1997)
Terrain rugged mountains in the central and northern part and lowlands in the south steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic
Total fertility rate 1.25 children born/woman (2001 est.) 4.05 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 17% (2000 est.) 24% (1999 est.)
Waterways 172 km (all on the Danube) none
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